Summary
A SQL injection vulnerability in the User parameter of the Online Admission System's /login1.php endpoint allows attacker-controlled input to influence database queries.
Because the affected functionality is remotely reachable, an attacker may be able to access, modify, or otherwise interfere with database-backed application data without needing local system access.
A SQL injection vulnerability in the User parameter of the Online Admission System's /login1.php endpoint allows attacker-controlled input to influence database queries.
Because the affected functionality is remotely reachable, an attacker may be able to access, modify, or otherwise interfere with database-backed application data without needing local system access.
Affected context
The vulnerability occurs in Online Admission System 1.0 when the remotely accessible /login1.php login functionality processes the User argument without sufficiently separating user input from SQL query logic. Deployments are at risk where this endpoint is reachable by untrusted clients and database interactions are constructed from request data without effective parameterization or equivalent safeguards.
The vulnerability occurs in Online Admission System 1.0 when the remotely accessible /login1.php login functionality processes the User argument without sufficiently separating user input from SQL query logic. Deployments are at risk where this endpoint is reachable by untrusted clients and database interactions are constructed from request data without effective parameterization or equivalent safeguards.
Exploit preconditions
- Attack surface: The remotely accessible
/login1.phpendpoint - Required access: Network access to the application; authentication may not be required if the login endpoint is exposed publicly
- Trigger point: Processing of the
Userargument during login handling - Why exploitation is possible: User-controlled input may be incorporated into database commands without adequate query parameterization or validation
- Attack surface: The remotely accessible
/login1.phpendpoint - Required access: Network access to the application; authentication may not be required if the login endpoint is exposed publicly
- Trigger point: Processing of the
Userargument during login handling - Why exploitation is possible: User-controlled input may be incorporated into database commands without adequate query parameterization or validation
Why this happens
The underlying bug is improper neutralization of special elements in SQL commands, mapped to CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command (SQL Injection).
The application appears to treat a request parameter as data while allowing it to influence the structure or interpretation of a database query. This insecure pattern can permit input to alter query behavior instead of remaining a strictly bounded value. CWE-74 is also relevant as a broader classification for improper neutralization of special elements in output used by another interpreter.
The underlying bug is improper neutralization of special elements in SQL commands, mapped to CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command (SQL Injection).
The application appears to treat a request parameter as data while allowing it to influence the structure or interpretation of a database query. This insecure pattern can permit input to alter query behavior instead of remaining a strictly bounded value. CWE-74 is also relevant as a broader classification for improper neutralization of special elements in output used by another interpreter.
Potential impact
- Unauthorized reading of application or admission-related records may occur
- Database contents could be modified or deleted
- Authentication logic may be bypassed
- Sensitive information could be disclosed
- Application availability may be affected through database resource exhaustion or destructive queries
- Compromised database credentials or excessive privileges could increase downstream impact
- Unauthorized reading of application or admission-related records may occur
- Database contents could be modified or deleted
- Authentication logic may be bypassed
- Sensitive information could be disclosed
- Application availability may be affected through database resource exhaustion or destructive queries
- Compromised database credentials or excessive privileges could increase downstream impact
General mitigation guidance
Mitigation generally centers on ensuring that request values are handled strictly as data rather than executable query syntax.
Common defensive patterns include:
- Use parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database operations
- Apply allowlist validation and appropriate type constraints to login parameters
- Avoid constructing SQL statements through string concatenation or interpolation
- Use database accounts with only the privileges required by the application
- Return generic authentication and database error messages to clients
- Reduce trust in client-supplied identity and login values through server-side validation
- Enforce secure-by-default data-access abstractions across application components
Mitigation generally centers on ensuring that request values are handled strictly as data rather than executable query syntax.
Common defensive patterns include:
- Use parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database operations
- Apply allowlist validation and appropriate type constraints to login parameters
- Avoid constructing SQL statements through string concatenation or interpolation
- Use database accounts with only the privileges required by the application
- Return generic authentication and database error messages to clients
- Reduce trust in client-supplied identity and login values through server-side validation
- Enforce secure-by-default data-access abstractions across application components
How teams detect issues like this
Organizations commonly look for SQL injection risks through:
- Static analysis patterns that identify string-built SQL statements using request parameters
- Code review checks for missing prepared statements, query binding, or centralized data-access controls
- Dynamic testing of externally reachable parameters using safe, non-destructive test cases
- Web application firewall or API gateway policies that monitor suspicious query-manipulation patterns
- Database audit logs showing abnormal query structures, authentication anomalies, or unexpected data access
- CI security policies requiring approved parameterized database APIs
Automated code review and application security testing tools may help identify unsafe query construction before deployment.
Organizations commonly look for SQL injection risks through:
- Static analysis patterns that identify string-built SQL statements using request parameters
- Code review checks for missing prepared statements, query binding, or centralized data-access controls
- Dynamic testing of externally reachable parameters using safe, non-destructive test cases
- Web application firewall or API gateway policies that monitor suspicious query-manipulation patterns
- Database audit logs showing abnormal query structures, authentication anomalies, or unexpected data access
- CI security policies requiring approved parameterized database APIs
Automated code review and application security testing tools may help identify unsafe query construction before deployment.
Sources
| Source | Link |
|---|---|
| github. | github.com/ |
| itsourcecode. | itsourcecode.com/ |
| vuldb. | vuldb.com/ |
| vuldb. | vuldb.com/ |
| vuldb. | vuldb.com/ |
| vuldb. | vuldb.com/ |
